重症肌无力患者认知功能特征

目的探讨重症肌无力(myasthenia gravis,MG)患者的认知功能特征。方法纳入83例MG患者和39例健康对照者,应用简易智能状态检查量表(mini-mental status examination,MMSE)、加利福尼亚语言学习测验(California verbal learning test,CVLT)、简易视觉空间记忆测验(brief visuospatial memory test-revised,BVMT-R)、符号数字模式测验(symbol digit modalities test,SDMT)、Benton线方向判断测验(benton judgment of line orientation test,BJLOT)、定步调听觉连续加法测验(paced auditory serial addition test,PASAT)、言语流畅性测验(verbal fluency test,VFT)进行认知功能评估,应用贝克抑郁测验(Beck depression inventory,BDI)评估抑郁状态,对两组资料进行对比分析,并进一步评估疾病分型、合并症情况、病程、疾病严重程度、药物治疗情况等临床特征对MG组认知损害的影响。结果MG组MMSE[28(26,29)分,29(28,30)分]、CVLT、BVMT-R、SDMT[(37.06±12.18)分,(47.54±14.91)分]、PASAT[(32.86±10.23)分,(37.00±8.82)分]评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组间BJLOT、VFT、BDI评分差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示重症肌无力患者疾病严重程度定量评分(quantitative MG score,QMG)与SDMT得分存在负相关(r=-0.234,P<0.05);MG日常生活质量量表(MG-activities of daily living profile,MG-ADL)评分与BVMT-R 3试总和得分存在负相关(r=-0.283,P<0.05)。结论重症肌无力存在认知功能损害,主要表现在记忆力、注意力、信息处理速度、视觉记忆,提示重症肌无力可能存在中枢神经系统受累。部分认知领域的损害可能与疾病严重程度相关。临床医生在工作中应加强对MG患者认知障碍的认识,早期评估,密切随访,适当干预。     

延续性护理对提高老年慢性支气管炎患者生活质量的影响

目的:探讨延续性护理对提高老年慢性支气管炎患者生活质量及降低并发症的影响。方法:2017年5月至2018年2月收治的45例患者为对照组,应用常规护理方法;2018年3-12月收治的46例为干预组,在对照组的基础上采取出院后延续性护理。比较干预前、干预3个月后2组患者生活质量及并发症发生的情况。结果:SF-36生活质量量表中除日常活动功能(RP)维度外(62.61±9.79VS63.76±8.53,P>0.05),干预组患者在躯体功能(60.88±7.86)、社会活动功能(58.32±6.74)、身体疼痛(53.37±8.67)、活力(59.67±11.41)、总体健康(58.94±7.62)5个维度评分均高于对照组(66.18±8.81、63.27±7.19、56.47±7.34、65.38±9.47、62.71±10.08)P<0.05;干预组并发症发生率低于对照组(10.87%VS26.67%,P<0.05)。结论:延续性护理能提高老年慢性支气管炎患者的生活质量,降低并发症的发生率。     

何乃举主任中医师伤寒六经辨治癌症学术经验

癌症是世界的难题,是全球人类的灾难。西医放疗、化疗、手术被誉为抗肿瘤的“三板斧”,是治疗癌症的传统方法。何乃举主任中医师遍访全国中医界名家及民间老中医,加之长期的临床实践,形成从伤寒六经辨治癌症的思路经验,从六经辨证仲景已经把癌症早有定位,按照六经辨证学术研究,脏腑本能之气衰败,三阳经外感入里化内热,内热不除,耗伤三阴,引起三阳内闭,闭则不通,聚焦在脏腑,泛滥成灾,这是肾亏骨空内伤。内伤三阳热耗,形成阴不足,阳有余,阴阳失调,必然使脏腑大病。按六经辨治方法,泄内实热,顺水行舟,给病邪找出路,热去阴自复。开鬼门解表,洁净腑利小便。把握伤寒六经辨治规律,诊治癌症也有十之六七,也能见病之源,病跟经走,方跟病行,经病同行,六经大道找病,切中病源。     

云南地区肾移植受者HLA基因分布频率分析

目的 探讨云南地区肾移植受者人类白细胞抗原(HLA)-A、B、DRB1和DQB1位点等位基因分布频率.方法 收集2017年6月至2020年11月该院1251例肾移植受者HLA基因检测结果,分析HLA-A、B、DRB1和DQB1位点等位基因分布频率.结果 HLA-A位点检出等位基因17种,其中A*11、A*02和A*24分布频率较高,分别为0.3145、0.2802和0.1930.HLA-B位点检出等位基因31种,其中B*15、B*40和B*46分布频率较高,分别为0.1926、0.1199和0.1199.HLA-DRB1位点检出等位基因14种,其中DRB1*12、DRB1*04、DRB1*09分布频率较高,分别为0.2178、0.1399和0.1171.HLA-DQB1位点检出等位基因7种,其中DQB10301、DQB1*05和DQB1*06分布频率较高,分别为0.2866、0.2010和0.1671.结论 云南地区肾移植受者HLA-A、B、DRB1和DQB1位点中,A*11、B*15、DRB1*12和DQB10301分别为分布频率最高的等位基因,符合南方汉族人群H LA基因多态性的分布特征.     

Endoscopic coblation treatment for congenital pyriform sinus fistula in children

Congenital pyriform sinus fistula (CPSF) is a very rare branchial apparatus malformation. Traditional open surgery for fistulectomy might fail to excise the lesion completely, leading to continual recurrence. Herein, we report our experience of endoscopic coblation technique for treatment of CPSF in children.To observe the clinical efficacy of endoscopic coblation treatment of CPSF in children, especially for those in acute infection stage.Retrospective case series with 54 patients (including 20 cases in acute infection stage and 34 cases in non infection stage) who were diagnosed with CPSF between October 2017 to November 2019, all patients were treated with endoscopic coblation to close the piriform fossa fistula, neck abscess incision and drainage performed simultaneously for acute infection stage cases. Data collected including age of diagnosis, presenting symptoms, diagnostic methods, prior and subsequent treatments, length of hospitalization, and recurrence were analyzed.Of the 20 cases in acute infection stage, there were 3 children with transient vocal cord paresis all of which resolved with 1 month. Four children of the 34 cases in non infection stage appeared reddish swelling of the neck on the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th days after coblation and then underwent abscess incision and drainage. All cases experienced no recurrence, vocal cord paralysis, pharyngeal fistula and massive hemorrhage after their first endoscopic coblation of the sinus tract in the follow up of 3 to 28 months.Endoscopic coblation is an effective and safe approach for children with CPSF, neck abscess incision and drainage could be performed simultaneously in acute infection stage. We advocate using this minimally invasive technique as first line of treatment for CPSF.     

新城镇居民自杀意念相关因素分析

目的 了解新城镇居民自杀意念的现状并分析其相关因素.方法 采用自编社会人口学问卷、PHQ-9健康问卷、广泛性焦虑量表(GAO-7)、自编自杀意念等,用便利抽样的方法对516名山东新城镇居民进行问卷调查.结果 新城镇居民过去一年内自杀意念检出率为7.33％,焦虑(OR=11.781,95％CI:4.531～30.633)是过去一年内自杀意念的危险因素,与父母关系一般(OR=0.179,95％CI:0.036～0.900)、与父母关系融洽(OR=0.084,95％CI:0.019～0.368)为保护因素.新城镇居民终生自杀意念检出率为13.88％,亲人有自杀意念(OR=8.653,95％CI:3.323～22.533)、偶尔饮酒(OR=2.579,95％CI:1,180～5.637)、睡眠异常(OR=2.602,95％CI:1.333～5.078)、焦虑(OR=3.680,95％CI:1.412～9.590)是终生自杀意念的危险因素,60岁及以上(OR=0.232,95％CI:0.100～0.537)、偶尔吸烟(OR=0.099,95％CI:0.014～0.687)为保护因素.结论 亲人有自杀意念、偶尔饮酒、睡眠异常、焦虑的新城镇居民易产生自杀意念,与父母关系融洽或一般、60岁及以上、偶尔吸烟的新城镇居民不易产生自杀意念.     

Resistin is elevated in cystic fibrosis sputum and correlates negatively with lung function

Background

Resistin is an immunometabolic mediator that is elevated in several inflammatory disorders. A ligand for Toll-like receptor 4, resistin modulates the recruitment and activation of myeloid cells, notably neutrophils. Neutrophils are major drivers of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease, in part due to the release of human neutrophil elastase- and myeloperoxidase-rich primary granules, leading to tissue damage. Here we assessed the relationship of resistin to CF lung disease.

注射用血栓通中三七元素迁移的规律

目的:分析注射用血栓通中三七从原料到成品全过程的元素迁移规律,以便更好地控制成品中元素杂质。方法:采用ICP-MS法全面分析三七药材、三七总皂苷(中间体)和注射用血栓通中21种元素的含量。结果:21种元素的标准曲线相关系数r均在0. 999以上,回收率在92. 71%～107. 07%之间,RSD均在5%以内。三七药材中铝、铁含量较高,铅、砷、汞、镉、铜符合中华人民共和国药典的相关规定,三七总皂苷(中间体)和注射用血栓通中多数元素均未检出或含量极低。结论:注射用血栓通的提取工艺可有效去除三七中大部分元素,重金属及有害元素也降到较低水平。     

利福霉素类药物治疗结核病的临床应用研究进展

结核病是由结核分枝杆菌复合群引起的传染性疾病，是全球主要的流行病种之一。利福平是当前最主要的一线抗结核药物，因其长期应用和不规范治疗，利福平耐药逐渐增加，利福喷丁、利福布汀等利福霉素类衍生物在抗结核治疗方面起到了重要作用。基于利福霉素类药物的药理及药动学特性，对该类药物在结核病治疗中进行最优用药选择分析，并对该类药物与其他抗结核药物联用进行综述，旨在为利福霉素类抗结核药物的临床用药提供文献依据。